Electric system.



F. M. SLOUGH,

ELECTRIC SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 10, I912.

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jf lesses y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK M. SLOUGH, 0F ELYBIA, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO THE GARFORD MANUFACTURINGCOMPANY, OF ELYBIA, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ELECTRIC SYSTEM.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK M. SLOUGH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elyria, in the county of Lorain and State of Ohio,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Systems; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same. v Y

My invention relates to electric systems, and especially to systemsadapted for use in isolated places or in places where the attendant ispartially or totally unskilled in the art of managing such plants. Forexample, in lighting systems adapted to be used at country residences orupon farms or other isolated places where there is no attendant, orwhere those overseeing the operation of the plant are unskilled in thehandling of such apparatus, I aim to make the operation of the plantautomatic, so

i that the only attention required will be the supply of fuel to theprime mover and of such other attentions as are required to keep theapparatus in working order.

In the invention disclosed in this application I aim to improve uponthat disclosed in my application #704,505, June 19, 1912.

The objects of my invention and the invention itself will be betterunderstood from a description of the embodiment illustrated in thedrawing.

The figure illustratesan embodiment of my invention.

Referring now to the drawing and to the particular embodiment of myinvention there illustrated, at M and D, I show two dynamo electricmachines, one of which, D, is employed to generate current to charge theaccumulator B, and the other, M, is employed as a motor and is adaptedto be driven by the current from the accumulator B to start a primemover G, which is here shown as a\gasolene engine. The accumulator B mayconsist of a storage battery which is used for the purpose of operatingelectro-responsive devices 40, which may consist of lamps which areconnected to the battery B through the discharge circuit 41 42. Avoltmeter or other suitable device V is connected across the battery B.

- The device V is constructed to respond to Specification of LettersPatent.

Patented J uly.25, 1916.

I function will be described, and O is an electro-magnet for locking thethermal device H in operative condition.

W is a device for giving a warning signal tothe attendant when thesystem is inoperative.

The various parts, their functions and the system itself will be betterunderstood from a description of the operation of the system which is asfollows: When the battery B is sufficiently charged and the translatingde-' vices 40 operating, they will be connected in a circuit with thebattery over the following conductor :-negative pole of battery3243-contact 44 armature 45 of the relay D conductor 46-41404748 4(2 tothe positive pole of battery. When the charge in the battery has beenconsumed to a certain amount, such that the condition of the batteryreaches a predetermined state, the effect of the charge upon the deviceV which is exercised over a circuit from the negative pole ofbattery-conductor 48- device Vl942 back to positive pole of the battery,will be such that the needle 50 will close the switch 51, whereupon acircuit will be completed as follows :nega tive pole of battery -52 53resistance R -50 switch 51 conductor 20 relay 0- conductor 54 10 15 555e-42 positive pole of the battery. Relay C will be energized,attracting its armature 4, closing the switch 4.5 which short-circuitsthe resistance R and switch 51,.completing a circuit through the relay Cas follows :52 32 54 C54: 16 '-15 -5556 42 positive pole of battery.

Since the instrument V may be delicate, it is desirable to relieve theneedle of as much work as possible and by inserting the resistance R inthe circuit through the switch 51' and short-circuiting the same almostas soon as the circuit is completed, I reduce the work upon the needle50 to a minimum. Upon further attracting the arbattery B.

I mature 4, the switch 5-6 is closed, completing a circuit as follows:-positive pole of battery 425660M6111-10-9 8 coil 62 of the relay D765-52- to negative pole battery. The motonM is supplied with currentover this circuit and begins to operate to start the prime mover G. Theclosing of the switch 56 also completes a circuit through the thermaldevice H as follows :positive pole of battery 4256G3 -292S27 62-7 65-32-52- to negative pole of battery. Current over this circuit begins toheat the coil 27, which will operate the switches 26-29 and 28-29 aftera certain length of time determined by the time it takes the heatingcoil to heat the thermal mechanism to operating temperature. It isdesirable to crank the engine longer in cold weather than in hot and itis obvious from the foregoing that it would take longer to heat thethermal mechanism to operating temperature in cold weather and that thedevice is selfregulating.

If the prime mover is for some reason inoperative, and the motor hasfailed to start the engine, within the period of time at the end ofwhich the thermal device H is operated, this device will operate,closing a switch 2629 and breaking the circuit of the thermal device 27at 2829. When the switch 2629 was closed, a locking circuit for suchswitch was completed through the magnet O as follows :po siti\ e poleofbattery '1256632926O-25-23 24l winding 65 of the relay T1819 the switchF20-l5-3252-' back to A branch of this circuit will be completed throughthe winding 66 of the relay D and the conductor 21. The relay 0 will beenergized, locking the switch 2629. The coils 62 and 6b of the relay Dwill be energized adverse to each other, so that the armatures of thisrelay will remain in the position shown in the drawing. The relay T willattract the armatures 18 and 15, breaking the shunt of the winding A, sothat current now passes through both the windings A and 65 of thisrelay. The armature 15 will be attracted, breaking the circuit of relayC and interrupting the connection between the motor M and theaccumulator B, so that the motor ceases its efforts to start theinoperative engine, avoiding the useless expenditure of the energystored in the accumulator and the strain and wear upon the system. Thearmature 15 will be held up, so that even though the switch 51 isclosed,the relay C may not be reenergized in an effort to repeat the cycle justdescribed. The armature 15 will engage a. contact 67, completing acircuit through the winding Y as follows :-positive pole of batterythrough -'l2565515 6768Y69 negative pole of battery B,

energizing the winding Y and pulling up the armature 48, interruptingthe circuit of the lamps l0 and completing a circuit for the winding Xthrough a switch 4870 as follows-positive pole of battery --12-i870X-(39 to negative ole of battery, energizing the winding )8 whichwill neutralize the eii'ect of the winding Y, causing it to release thearmature 48, which will close the switch ell-48 and the cycle will berepeated over and over again, flashing the lights 40 and notifying thefarmer that the engine will not start.

\Vhen the engine is placed in condition for operation, the switch F willbe operated, interrupting the circuits of the magnets T and 0, so thatthe armature 15 drops back, closing the switch 15-16 and interruptingthe switch 2629, so that the system will now be operated as described tocause the energization of the motor M for the start ing of the engine G.When the engine starts before the thermal device H is operated, thecurrent through the circuit 8-5G, which connects the battery and themotor, will be reversed in direction, since the dynamo D has now beenconnected and is charging the accumulator. .This connection occurred asfollows:-\Vhen the engine began to operate the dynamo, current flowedthrough the relay 37 and in a little while was suiiicicnt to operatethis relay, closing the switch 1071 and connecting the dynamo to thebattery. Current now flowing in a different direction from the coil 62of the relay D operates accumulatively with that through the winding 66and attracting the armatures 45 and 23. The attraction of the armature15 connects a battery B in circuit with the dynamo D and in oppositionto the battery 13 for the purpose of preventing undue rise of potentialbetween the leads of the discharge circuit 41-42 on account of thecharging of the battery B. This is accomplished in a way well understoodin the art. The attraction of the armature 23 breaks the branch of thecircuit through the winding 65 of the relay T, the winding A being atthe same time shunted through the armature 18 and contact 19.Immediately after the charging begins, the switch 51 will be opened andwhen the charge of the battery has reached a condition desired, suchasthe full charging- 0f the battery, the needle 50 will engage thecontact80, completing a circuit through the winding 81' of the relay T asfollows:- positive pole; battery -'l2-56-'55S1 80-R1-53-52 to negativepole of battery. The relay T will pull up the armature 15, interruptingthe circuit of the relay C, which in turn interrupts the circuits oftherelaysD H and 0, so that the system is returned to normal.

At 90 and 91 I show the ignition circuit for the engine, which is hereillustrated as a gasolene engine, though any suitable form of primemover may be employed.

While I have illustrated this particular embodiment of my invention, itwill be understood that I do not wish to be limited to the form anddetails thereof, as numerous and extensive departures may be madewithout departing from the spirit of this invention.

I claim I 1. In an electric system, an accumulator, a pair of dynamoelectric machines, one of which is employed for charging saidaccumulator, aprime mover for actuating said charging dynamo electricmachine, said prime mover adapted to be started by the other dynamoelectric machine, means for automatically connecting one of said dynamoelectric machines and said accumulator when the voltage of theaccumulator reaches a predetermined value and means for automaticallydisconnecting said accumulator and said starting dynamo electric machinewhen said prime mover is in operative condition.

2. In an electric system, an accumulator, a dynamo electric machine forsupplying energy to said accumulator, a prime mover for actuating saiddynamo electric machine, a'

second dynamo electric machine for starting said prime mover, meansacting automatically for connecting said second dynamo electric machineto said accumulator when the condition of said accumulator reaches apredetermined state, means for disconnecting said accumulator and saidsecond dynamo electric machine when said prime mover is inoperative anda slow acting relay controlling said last named means.

3. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator, avdynamoelectric machine for charging said accumulator, a prime mover foroperatin said dynamo electric machine, a motor or starting said primemover, means for automatically connecting said motor to said accumulatorfor starting said prime mover when the condition of the accumulatorreaches a predetermined state and means for automatically connectingsaid dynamo electric machine in circuit with said accumulator when saidprime mover has started the operation of said dynamo electric machine.

4. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator, a dynamoelectric machine for charging said accumulator, a prime mover foroperating said dynamo electric 'machine, a motor for starting said primemover, means for automatically connecting said motor to said accumulatorto start said prime mover when the condition of said accumulator reachesa predetermined state, and electro-magnetic means controlled by saiddynamo electric machine for connecting the same in circuit with saidaccumulator when said prime mover starts to operate said dynamo electricmachine.

5. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator, a dynamoelectric machine for charging said accumulator, a prime mover foroperating said dynamo electric machine, a motor for starting said primemover, means for automatically connecting said motor to said prime,mover to start the same, means for automatically disconnecting saidmotor from said accumulator should said prime mover be inoperative, acircuit for connecting said accumulator to said dynamo electric machine,and means controlled by said dynamo electric machine for automaticallyclosing said circuit when said prime mover begins to operate said dynamoelectric machine.

6. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator, a dynamoelectric machine for charging said accumulator, a prime mover foractuating said machine, a motor for starting said prime mover, means forconnecting said motor to said accumulator and means for automaticallydisconnecting it therefrom should said prime mover fail to start withina predetermined period of time.

7. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator, a dynamoelectric machine for charging said accumulator, a prime mover fordriving said machine, a motor for starting said prime mover, means forconnecting said motor to said accumulater when the condition of thecharge in the accumulator reaches a predetermined value, means forautomatically causing the disconnection of said motor from saidaccumulator, locking means for said disconnecting means and a switchiorreleasing said locking means.

8. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator for thestorage of electric energy, a prime mover, dynamo electric machinery forcharging said accumulator and starting said prime 'mover, thermally ,7controlled means for automatically disconnecting said accumulator fromthe startingmachinery when said machinery is inoperative to start saidprime mover and holding means for said thermally controlled means.

9. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator for thestorage of electric energy, a prime mover, dynamo electric machinery forcharging said accumulator and starting said prime mover, thermallycontrolled means for automatically disconnecting said accumulator fromthe starting machinery when said machinery is inoperative to start saidprime mover and electromagnetic means for said thermally controlledmeans.

10. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator for thestorage of electric energy, a prime mover, dynamo electric machinery forcharging said accumulator and starting said prime mover, thermallycontrolled means for automatically disconnecting said accumulator fromthe starting machinery when said machinery is inoperative to start saidprime mover, holding means for said thermally controlled means and meansfor releasing said holding means.

11. In an electric system, the combination of an accumulator, chargingmeans for charging said accumulator, current conductors for connectingsaid charging means and said accumulator, electromagnetic meanscontrolling said conductors, a circuit for said means including aresistance device and a switch, a device responsive to the condition ofthe charge in said accumulator controlling said switch, and a lockingcircuit for said electromagnetic means independent of said switch andsaid resistance device.

12. In combination, an internal combustion engine, a cranking motortherefor, a circuit for said cranking motor, means for automaticallyinterrupting the circuit of said cranking motor if said motor fails tostart said engine in a predetermined interval of time, and meansresponsive to the temperature of its surrounding medium .for determiningthe length of said interval of time.

13. In combination, an if 'ternal combustion engine, a motor forstarting the same, an accumulator, a circuit for said motor, means forclosingsaid circuit, an electrotime and thermally controlled means fordetermini'ng the length of such interval of time.

14. In combination, an internal eombus' tion engine, means for crankingsaid engine including a source of energy, means for automaticallypreventing further cranking of said engine if said engine fails to startwithin a predetermined interval of time and means to subsequentlyprevent the cranking operation if the charge of energy in said source isbelow a predetermined amount.

15. In an electric system, the combination of an internal combustionengine, a starting motor for cranking the same, a source of energy foroperating said starting motor, analarm device, means for automaticallydisconnecting the source of energy from the starting motor and startingsaid alarm device if said starting motor fails to start said enginewithin a predetermined interval of time, and means for subsequentlypreventing further cranking of said engine when the charge in saidsource is below a predetermined valve.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

FRANK M. SLOUGH. Witnesses:

EDGAR A. Srnnn, F. O. RIDNY.

